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MARIAM ASHRAF ADLY BOTROS

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biography

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Education

2023

Master - College of Engineering & Technology - Egypt

Abide with the major growth in population all over the globe as well as Egypt, the Egyptian authority decided to develop new urban communities, resulting in a high demand for social housing schemes.The majority of these schemes are located in regions characterized by hot arid climate. Although urban form can significantly affect outdoor climatic conditions, urban planners do not sufficiently consider such impact while designing new urban communities.This study focuses on exploring possible densification approaches through optimizing the affecting form parameters to improve the thermal comfort of outdoor spaces in new cities social housing. Currently, social housing schemes such as in October extensions constructed to be formed from mid-low dense buildings that overlook curvilinear streets networks without considering orientation.Furthermore, the use of unified building heights, spaces of low aspect ratio and high sky view factor lead to less shaded areas.All the aforementioned qualities are not compatible with the requirements of hot arid climate and may lead to exposing the residents to extreme heat stress especially during summer. The rational of this study is to quantify the impact of densification parameters like building coverage ratio, floor area ratio, building height variation, and orientation on Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET).Moreover, this research aims to provide urban design interventions as well as guidelines to mitigate thermal conditions in hot arid climates. The thesis utilizes onsite measurements of air temperature and relative humidity to calibrate an atmospheric model using ENVI-met version 4.6 for one of the existing social housing schemes residential area in New October city.Afterwards, 36 different scenarios were developed to ameliorate the shading effect by remodelling the urban clusters BCR, FAR, orientation and testing various building height scenarios at different positions. The chronological range of the study was concerned with the day hours of the peakiest day in summer. The results were then subjected to two layers of analysis.Firstly a comparative analysis for the simulation results of the 36 scenarios was conducted. The study revealed that optimizing density and building heights could improve PET in diagonal orientation with up to 9 degree celsius in early morning. Out of the tested parameters, Case 5 was found to be the most impactful strategy. Secondly, a sensitivity analysis was for a total of 37138 simulated spatial grids at pedestrian level. PET was found to be more sensitive to densification in cardinal directions than diagonals, with mid-range densities showing cardinal orientation as less desirable than diagonal. However, orientation is insignificant in low densities. These results can aid in developing public and private housing schemes that are more climate responsive.

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